曲美他嗪对冠心病合并左心功能不全的效果

目的 探讨冠心病合并左心功能不全患者行曲美他嗪治疗的临床效果.方法 选择医院于2016年3月—2017年4月期间接收的老年冠心病合并左心功能不全患者60例,采用随机数字表法形式均分为研究组和对照组,每组均30例.对照组行基础治疗,研究组在此基础上口服曲美他嗪,记录两组心功能指标以及不良反应发生率.结果 研究组治疗后LVEDD、LVESD指标低于对照组,左心室射血分数高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组和对照组在用药过程中均未出现严重的反应,研究组出现3例转氨酶上升,2例胃肠道不适;对照组出现2例转氨酶上升,组间对比P<0.05.结论 曲美他嗪行冠心病合并左心功能不全治疗效果明显,心肌功能以及血脂水平有所改善.     

二维斑点追踪成像技术结合心肌做功评价蒽环类药物对乳腺癌患者左心室功能的影响#br#

背景与目的：应用二维斑点追踪成像（two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging，2D-STI）结合心肌做功评价蒽环类药物对乳腺癌患者左心室功能的影响。方法：前瞻性选择2019年9月—2020年3月在复旦大学附属肿瘤医院行蒽环类药物治疗的35例乳腺癌患者，分别于化疗前、化疗2个周期后、4个周期后行常规超声心动图检查并获取动态二维图像，同时使用肱动脉袖带血压计测量患者收缩期及舒张期血压值，测量左房内径（left atrial diameter，LAD）、左心室舒张末期内径（left ventricular end-diastolic diameter，LVEDD）、左心室收缩末期内径（left ventricular end-systolic diameter，LVESD）、舒张末期室间隔厚度（diastolic interventricular septal depth，IVSD）、左心室舒张末期容积（left ventricular end-diastolic volume，LVEDV）、左心室收缩末期容积（left ventricular end-systolic volume，LVESV）、左心室射血分数（left ventricular ejection fraction，LVEF）、二尖瓣口舒张早期峰值流速（early diastolic peak velocity，E峰）、舒张晚期峰值流速（late diastolic tissue velocity，A峰）、二尖瓣环间隔处舒张早期峰值速度（early diastolic tissue velocity，e’），并计算E/A、E/e’；应用EchoPac软件脱机分析，获取左心室整体纵向应变（global longitudinal strain，GLS）、左心室分层纵向应变（GLSendo、GLSmid、GLSepi），以及左心室心肌整体做功指数（global myocardial work index，GWI）、整体有用功（global constructive work，GCW）、整体无用功（global wasted work，GWW）、整体做功效率（global myocardial work efficiency，GWE）；并行统计学分析。结果：与化疗前比较，化疗2个周期乳腺癌患者GLSeondo、GLS有所减低，但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；GWW增加，GWE降低（P＜0.05）；化疗4个周期后GLS、GLSendo、GWI、GCW、GWE均降低，GWW增加。与化疗2个周期后比较，化疗4个周期后乳腺癌患者GLS、GLSendo、GWI、GCW、GWE降低，GWW增加（P＜0.05）。与化疗前比较，化疗4个周期后乳腺癌患者E/e’升高（P＜0.05）。各周期结束后的其余各项超声心动图参数与化疗前比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：2D-STI能早期检测乳腺癌患者在蒽环类药物化疗中左心室功能的早期改变， GWW及GWE较其他参数更敏感。     

体外反搏技术对稳定型心绞痛的治疗作用及对左心室功能的影响

目的:探讨体外反搏对稳定型心绞痛的治疗作用及对患者左心室功能的影响.方法:选取2018年2月~2019年8月本院收治的56例稳定型心绞痛患者,随机分为两组,对照组(28例)采用常规药物治疗,观察组(28例)采用体外反搏治疗,比较两组患者治疗效果和左心室功能情况.结果:①观察组治疗有效率高于对照组,P<0.05;②治疗后,观察组CO、CI、SV、SI、ACI、VI、SVR、SVRIa、STR等参数水平改善幅度优于对照组,P<0.05.结论:稳定型心绞痛患者经体外反搏治疗后,临床效果明显提升,左心室功能明显改善.     

Volumetric-modulated arc therapy for left-sided breast cancer and all regional nodes improves target volumes coverage and reduces treatment time and doses to the heart and left coronary artery,compared with a field-in-field technique

We compared two intensity-modulated radiotherapy techniques for left-sided breast treatment, involving lymph node irradiation including the internal mammary chain. Inverse planned arc-therapy (VMAT) was compared with a forward-planned multi-segment technique with a mono-isocenter (MONOISO). Ten files were planned per technique, delivering a 50-Gy dose to the breast and 46.95 Gy to nodes, within 25 fractions. Comparative endpoints were planning target volume (PTV) coverage, dose to surrounding structures, and treatment delivery time. PTV coverage, homogeneity and conformality were better for two arc VMAT plans; V95%^PTV-T was 96% for VMAT vs 89.2% for MONOISO. Homogeneity index (HI)^PTV-T was 0.1 and HI^PTV-N was 0.1 for VMAT vs 0.6 and 0.5 for MONOISO. Treatment delivery time was reduced by a factor of two using VMAT relative to MONOISO (84 s vs 180 s). High doses to organs at risk were reduced (V30^{left lung} = 14% using VMAT vs 24.4% with MONOISO; dose to 2% of the volume (D2%)^heart = 26.1 Gy vs 32 Gy), especially to the left coronary artery (LCA) (D2%^LCA = 34.4 Gy vs 40.3 Gy). However, VMAT delivered low doses to a larger volume, including contralateral organs (mean dose [Dmean]^{right lung} = 4 Gy and Dmean^{right breast} = 3.2 Gy). These were better protected using MONOISO plans (Dmean^{right lung} = 0.8 Gy and Dmean^{right breast} = 0.4 Gy). VMAT improved PTV coverage and dose homogeneity, but clinical benefits remain unclear. Decreased dose exposure to the LCA may be clinically relevant. VMAT could be used for complex treatments that are difficult with conventional techniques. Patient age should be considered because of uncertainties concerning secondary malignancies.